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Immunization Strategies and Practices: Pediatric Collection

Immunizations are a cornerstone of pediatric healthcare. The introduction of immunizations for the prevention of life-threatening infections was an important driver of improvements in infant and childhood morbidity and mortality in the 20th century. Modeling of vaccine impact demonstrates that routine childhood immunizations in the 2009 US birth cohort would prevent approximately 42,000 deaths, 20 million cases of disease, and save $13.5 billion in direct health care costs and $68.8 billion in societal costs. Paradoxically, the reduction or elimination of vaccine preventable infections in the United States has been postulated to be a factor associated with an increase in vaccine hesitancy in the 21st century. Parents who have not experienced vaccine-preventable infection may not be able to accurately assess the risk of these infections pose to the health of their children.

The vision of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Infectious Diseases (COID) is to support the optimal health of all children by diminishing the adverse health effects of infectious diseases. Naturally, access to vaccines and vaccine uptake in the United States play large roles in achieving this vision. The COID works in partnership with many organizations to ensure vaccine policies support the health of all children. For example, the COID works closely with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and has members on all CDC immunization work groups to represent the interests of infants, children, and the pediatric providers who care for them as vaccine policies are developed. This work involves weighing the risks and benefits of vaccines and ensuring that the best data are communicated to providers, parents, and others who care for children. Transparency, especially in the age of social media is vital to increasing confidence in vaccines.

The COID is grateful to the AAP for developing this collection of policies and AAP articles addressing vaccine schedules, the safety of vaccines, and methods for addressing vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine delivery is a substantive portion of pediatric practice, and addressing vaccine hesitancy is time-consuming. This collection of articles will assist providers by providing vaccine information and policy statements in a single, easily accessible platform. Combined with other AAP COID resources, such as the Red Book and Red Book Online, we hope to support vaccine confidence and increase immunization of infants and children.

Carrie Byington, MD, Chairperson

Yvonne Maldonado, MD, Vice Chairperson

AAP Committee on Infectious Diseases

A print version of this collection, including an infographic, is available at shopAAP.

Efficacy
Recommended Childhood and Adolescent Immunization Schedules—United States, 2018
Pediatrics 2018
Physician Response to Parental Requests to Spread Out the Recommended Vaccine Schedule
Pediatrics 2015
Study looks at impact of different PCV13 schedules for preterm infants
AAP News 2016
What’s the best pneumococcal vaccination schedule for preterm infants? A randomized controlled trial tells all
Journals Blog 2016
Schedules for Pneumococcal Vaccination of Preterm Infants: An RCT
Pediatrics 2016
Pneumococcal Vaccines in Preterm Infants: Are More Doses Better? Implications for Other Vaccines
Pediatrics 2016
More Evidence Supporting Pertussis Immunization of Pregnant Moms
Journals Blog 2017
Tdap Vaccination During Pregnancy Prevents Infant Pertussis
AAP Grand Rounds 2017
Effectiveness of Vaccination During Pregnancy to Prevent Infant Pertussis
Pediatrics 2017
Study looks at HPV prevalence since introduction of vaccine
AAP News 2016
Prevalence of HPV After Introduction of the Vaccination Program in the United States
Pediatrics 2016
Rotavirus Vaccine and Intussusception: A Gut Check
Journals Blog 2016
Rotavirus Vaccine and Intussusception Hospitalizations
Pediatrics 2016
Intussusception Rates Before and After the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine
Pediatrics 2016
Parental Concerns, Hesitancy, and Exemptions
The Ethics of Good Intentions
Jounals Blog 2016
Should Pediatric Practices Have Policies to Not Care for Children With Vaccine-Hesitant Parents?
AAP News 2016
How to address vaccine hesitancy: New report says dismissal a last resort
AAP News 2016
Facing the dilemma of dismissing vaccine refusers
AAP News 2016
Clinical Report: Countering Vaccine Hesitancy
Pediatrics 2016
Eliminate nonmedical immunization exemptions for school entry, says AAP
AAP News 2016
Policy Statement: Medical Versus Nonmedical Immunization Exemptions for Child Care and School Attendance
Pediatrics 2016
Strategies and Education
What’s the Best way to Increase Immunization Levels?
Journals Blog 2016
Strategies for Improving Vaccine Delivery: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
Pediatrics 2016
A Message for Your Obstetrical Colleagues: What You Say About Vaccines During Pregnancy Matters
Journals Blog 2017
Vaccine Education During Pregnancy and Timeliness of Infant Immunization
Pediatrics 2017
Window or Mirror: Social Networks’ Role in Immunization Decisions
Pediatrics 2013
The Impact of Social Networks on Parents’ Vaccination Decisions
Pediatrics 2013
What’s the Best Way to Improve HPV Vaccination Rates in Your Practice? A Randomized Trial Provides an Answer
Journals Blog 2016
Announcements Versus Conversations to Improve HPV Vaccination Coverage: A Randomized Trial
Pediatrics 2017
Clinical Report: Practical Approaches to Optimize Adolescent Immunization
Pediatrics 2017
Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Influenza Vaccine Uptake in US Children
Pediatrics 2016
Pertussis Vaccination Protects Against Severe Pertussis Illness
AAP Grand Rounds 2017
AAP reports highlight how to optimize adolescent immunization
AAP News 2017
Clinical Report: The Need to Optimize Adolescent Immunization
Pediatrics 2017
Achieving High Adolescent HPV Vaccination Coverage
Pediatrics 2016
School-based programs improved HPV vaccination rates: study
AAP News 2016
Interventions to Improve HPV Vaccine Uptake: A Systematic Review
Pediatrics 2016
Improving HPV Vaccination Rates Using Maintenance-of-Certification Requirements
Pediatrics 2016
Awareness of HPV and Uptake of Vaccination in a High-Risk Population
Pediatrics 2016
Human Papillomavirus and HPV Vaccines
Pediatrics in Review 2016
Vaccine Safety: Medical Contraindications, Myths, and Risk Communication
Pediatrics in Review 2015
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